During which weather conditions can fog typically occur?

Fog typically occurs during temperature inversions with high humidity because these specific atmospheric conditions create an ideal environment for the formation of fog. When there is a temperature inversion, a layer of warm air traps cooler air closer to the ground. If the humidity is high enough in that cooler air, condensation can occur, resulting in fog. The combination of the cool air being trapped under warmer air, along with sufficient moisture, facilitates the formation of fog, reducing visibility significantly.

Other choices like cold fronts, high-pressure systems, and thunderstorms can influence precipitation and atmospheric stability but do not provide the same conducive environment for fog formation as a temperature inversion with high humidity does. Cold fronts typically promote lifting of air and can lead to stormy weather rather than fog. High-pressure systems are usually associated with clear skies and dry conditions that discourage fog. Thunderstorms often involve dynamic weather patterns that can lead to heavy rain rather than the calm, stable conditions required for fog to form.